The outcome of repeat septic revision after a failed one-stage exchange for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to report the infection-free and all-cause revision-free survival of repeat septic revision after a failed one-stage exchange, and to determine whether the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) stage is associated with subsequent infection-related failure. We retrospectively reviewed all repeat septic revision TKAs which were undertaken after a failed one-stage exchange between 2004 and 2017. A total of 33 repeat septic revisions (29 one-stage and four two-stage) met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up from repeat septic revision was 68.2 months (8.0 months to 16.1 years). The proportion of patients who had a subsequent infection-related failure and all-cause revision was reported and Kaplan-Meier survival for these endpoints was determined. Patients were categorized according to the MSIS staging system, and the association with subsequent infection was analyzed.Aims
Methods
Despite several preventive strategies, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is still a devastating complication. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to achieve successful infection control, but challenging since there is no test with 100% sensitivity and 100%. Therefore, several national and international guidelines include synovial analysis of joint aspirates as important diagnostic criteria, but cut-off levels for synovial cell count (CC) and polymorphonuclear (granulocyte) percentage (PMN%) are still debatable. The current investigation was performed to analyze the overall accuracy and optimal cut-off of synovial CC and PMN% following total knee (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Between October 2012 and June 2017, all patients with painful TKA or THA, who underwent joint aspiration before revision arthroplasty were included in this retrospective study. From aspirated synovial fluid, leukocyte esterase activity, leukocyte CC and PMN% were determined, and specimens were sent for bacterial culture. A total of 524 preoperative joint aspirations (255 hips, 269 knees) were enrolled for final analysis. For 337 patients, the synovial CC and PMN% could be measured by the laboratory. From those patients, 203 patients were scheduled for aseptic revision, and 134 patients for septic revision arthroplasty according to the MSIS criteria for PJI. Specificity (SP), sensitivity (SE), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive and overall accuracy were measured for CC and PMN%. The optimum cut-off value was calculated by the ROC and the value giving the AUC, achieving the best possible level of sensitivity and specificity.Introduction
Methods
Knee arthrodesis is a potential salvage procedure
for limb preservation after failure of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due
to infection. In this study, we evaluated the outcome of single-stage
knee arthrodesis using an intramedullary cemented coupled nail without
bone-on-bone fusion after failed and infected TKA with extensor
mechanism deficiency. Between 2002 and 2012, 27 patients (ten female,
17 male; mean age 68.8 years; 52 to 87) were treated with septic
single-stage exchange. Mean follow-up duration was 67.1months (24
to 143, n = 27) (minimum follow-up 24 months) and for patients with
a minimum follow-up of five years 104.9 (65 to 143,; n = 13). A
subjective patient evaluation (Short Form (SF)-36) was obtained,
in addition to the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The mean VAS score was
1.44 (SD 1.48). At final follow-up, four patients had recurrent
infections after arthrodesis (14.8%). Of these, three patients were
treated with a one-stage arthrodesis nail exchange; one of the three
patients had an aseptic loosening with a third single-stage exchange,
and one patient underwent knee amputation for uncontrolled sepsis at
108 months. All patients, including the amputee, indicated that
they would choose arthrodesis again. Data indicate that a single-stage
knee arthrodesis offers an acceptable salvage procedure after failed
and infected TKA. Cite this article:
