A discrepancy exists between biomechanical and clinical outcome studies when comparing cruciate-retaining (CR) versus posterior stabilized (PS) component designs. The purpose of this study is to re-evaluate experimental model results using half-body specimens with intact extensor mechanisms and navigation to evaluate PS and CR component gaps though an entire range of motion. A custom-designed knee testing apparatus was used for secure anchoring of the lower half of cadaver pelvic, allowing full range of knee motion and the application of traction throughout that range. Eight sequential testing regimens: were conducted with knee intact, with CR TKA in place, with PS TKA with quadriceps tendon in place, with PS TKA with sectioned quadriceps tendon in place, with and without traction at each stage. At each stage, a navigated knee system with dedicated software was used to record component gapping through a full range of motion from 0° to 120°. The amount of traction used was 22N. Each knee (n = 10) was taken through 6 full ranges of motion at every stage. At each stage, corroboration of navigation findings was attempted using a modified gap balancer to take static gap measurements at 0° and 90° with 12 in. lbs of torque was applied.INTRODUCTION:
METHODS:
1. The management of fractures in seven haemophiliacs and one patient with Christmas disease is described. 2. The problems of management are essentially those associated with haemorrhage into the soft tissues. 3. There is no delay in the healing of fractures, which usually occurs with a relative lack of periosteal callus. 4. The principles of transfusion therapy are discussed.
1. Haemorrhage into the fascial compartment which contains the iliacus muscle and the femoral nerve is a common complication of haemophilia. 2. The iliacus haematoma syndrome is described and illustrated from the authors' study of thirty episodes occurring in twenty-four patients. 3. The anatomy of the iliopsoas fascia is described and the mechanism of femoral nerve compression explained. 4. Differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment are discussed and the necropsy findings in one patient are presented. 5. An instance of iliacus haematoma occurring as a complication of anticoagulant therapy is recorded.
1. The case history of a haemophiliac in whom a large haematoma of the thigh was treated by amputation of the limb is described. 2. Examination of the available radiographs and of the histology led to the conclusion that the cyst was subperiosteal in origin. 3. Evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that haemophilic pseudotumours are always associated with subperiosteal haemorrhage, and that those haemophilic cysts which are confined to muscle have little or no effect on the adjacent bone.
