Calcium sulphate has traditionally been used as a filler of dead space arising during surgery. Various complications have been described following the use of Stimulan bio-absorbable calcium sulphate beads. This study is a prospective observational study to assess the safety profile of these beads when used in revision arthroplasty, comparing the complication rates with those reported in the literature. A total of 755 patients who underwent 456 revision total knee arthroplasties (TKA) and 299 revision total hip arthroplasties (THA), with a mean follow-up of 35 months (0 to 78) were included in the study.Aims
Methods
To report our experience with trunnion corrosion following metal-on-polyethylene
total hip arthroplasty, in particular to report the spectrum of
presentation and determine the mean time to presentation. We report the presenting symptoms and signs, intraoperative findings,
and early results and complications of operative treatment in nine
patients with a mean age of 74 years (60 to 86). The onset of symptoms
was at a mean of seven years (3 to 18) after index surgery.Aims
Patients and Methods
The eccentric glenosphere was principally introduced into reverse
shoulder arthroplasty to reduce the incidence of scapular notching.
There is only limited information about the influence of its design
on deltoid power and joint reaction forces. The aim of our study was to investigate how the diameter and
eccentricity of the glenosphere affect the biomechanics of the deltoid
and the resultant joint reaction forces. Different sizes of glenosphere and eccentricity were serially
tested in ten cadaveric shoulders using a custom shoulder movement
simulator.Aims
Methods
There are two techniques widely used to determine the rotational
alignment of the components in total knee arthroplasty (TKA); gap
balancing (GB) and measured resection (MR). Which technique is the
best remains controversial. We aimed to investigate this in a systematic
review and meta-analysis. In accordance with the methods of Cochrane, databases were searched
for all randomised controlled trials in the literature between January
1986 and June 2015 comparing radiographic and clinical outcomes
between the use of these two tecniques. Meta-analysis involved the
use of the Revman5.3 software provided by Cochrane collaboration.Aims
Materials and Methods
Tuberculosis (TB) remains endemic in many parts
of the developing world and is increasingly seen in the developed world
due to migration. A total of 1.3 million people die annually from
the disease. Spinal TB is the most common musculoskeletal manifestation,
affecting about 1 to 2% of all cases of TB. The coexistence of HIV,
which is endemic in some regions, adds to the burden and the complexity
of management. This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation,
diagnosis, impact of HIV and both the medical and surgical options
in the management of spinal TB. Cite this article:
Hindfoot arthrodesis with retrograde intramedullary nailing has
been described as a surgical strategy to reconstruct deformities
of the ankle and hindfoot in patients with Charcot arthropathy.
This study presents case series of Charcot arthropathy patients
treated with two different retrograde intramedullary straight compression
nails in order to reconstruct the hindfoot and assess the results
over a mid-term follow-up. We performed a retrospective analysis of 18 consecutive patients
and 19 operated feet with Charcot arthropathy who underwent a hindfoot
arthrodesis using a retrograde intramedullary compression nail.
Patients were ten men and eight women with a mean age of 63.43 years
(38.5 to 79.8). We report the rate of limb salvage, complications requiring
additional surgery, and fusion rate in both groups. The mean duration
of follow-up was 46.36 months (37 to 70).Aims
Patients and Methods
The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is difficult and requires a battery of tests and clinical findings. The purpose of this review is to summarize all current evidence for common and new serum biomarkers utilized in the diagnosis of PJI. We searched two literature databases, using terms that encompass all hip and knee arthroplasty procedures, as well as PJI and statistical terms reflecting diagnostic parameters. The findings are summarized as a narrative review.Objectives
Methods
The purpose of this study was to develop an accurate, reliable and easily applicable method for determining the anatomical location of the joint line during revision knee arthroplasty. The transepicondylar width (TEW), the perpendicular distance between the medial and lateral epicondyles and the distal articular surfaces (DMAD, DLAD) and the distance between the medial and lateral epicondyles and the posterior articular surfaces (PMAD, DLAD) were measured in 40 knees from 20 formalin-fixed adult cadavers (11 male and nine female; mean age at death 56.9 years, Objectives
Methods
Oxidative stress plays a major role in the onset and progression of involutional osteoporosis. However, classical antioxidants fail to restore osteoblast function. Interestingly, the bone anabolism of parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to be associated with its ability to counteract oxidative stress in osteoblasts. The PTH counterpart in bone, which is the PTH-related protein (PTHrP), displays osteogenic actions through both its N-terminal PTH-like region and the C-terminal domain. We examined and compared the antioxidant capacity of PTHrP (1-37) with the C-terminal PTHrP domain comprising the 107-111 epitope (osteostatin) in both murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and primary human osteoblastic cells.Objectives
Methods
Salubrinal is a synthetic agent that elevates phosphorylation
of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) and
alleviates stress to the endoplasmic reticulum. Previously, we reported
that in chondrocytes, Salubrinal attenuates expression and activity
of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) through downregulating nuclear
factor kappa B (NFκB) signalling. We herein examine whether Salubrinal
prevents the degradation of articular cartilage in a mouse model
of osteoarthritis (OA). OA was surgically induced in the left knee of female mice. Animal
groups included age-matched sham control, OA placebo, and OA treated
with Salubrinal or Guanabenz. Three weeks after the induction of
OA, immunoblotting was performed for NFκB p65 and p-NFκB p65. At
three and six weeks, the femora and tibiae were isolated and the sagittal
sections were stained with Safranin O.Objectives
Methods
Dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint is
a relatively common injury and a number of surgical interventions
have been described for its treatment. Recently, a synthetic ligament
device has become available and been successfully used, however,
like other non-native solutions, a compromise must be reached when
choosing non-anatomical locations for their placement. This cadaveric
study aimed to assess the effect of different clavicular anchorage points
for the Lockdown device on the reduction of acromioclavicular joint
dislocations, and suggest an optimal location. We also assessed
whether further stability is provided using a coracoacromial ligament
transfer (a modified Neviaser technique). The acromioclavicular
joint was exposed on seven fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders. The
joint was reconstructed using the Lockdown implant using four different
clavicular anchorage points and reduction was measured. The coracoacromial
ligament was then transferred to the lateral end of the clavicle,
and the joint re-assessed. If the Lockdown ligament was secured
at the level of the conoid tubercle, the acromioclavicular joint
could be reduced anatomically in all cases. If placed medial or
2 cm lateral, the joint was irreducible. If the Lockdown was placed
1 cm lateral to the conoid tubercle, the joint could be reduced
with difficulty in four cases. Correct placement of the Lockdown
device is crucial to allow anatomical joint reduction. Even when the
Lockdown was placed over the conoid tubercle, anterior clavicle
displacement remained but this could be controlled using a coracoacromial
ligament transfer. Cite this article:
We evaluated clinical and radiographic outcomes of total shoulder
arthroplasty (TSA) using the second-generation Trabecular Metal
(TM) Glenoid component. The first generation component was withdrawn
in 2005 after a series of failures were reported. Between 2009 and
2012, 40 consecutive patients with unilateral TSA using the second-generation
component were enrolled in this clinical study. The mean age of
the patients was 63.8 years (40 to 75) and the mean follow-up was
38 months (24 to 42). Patients were evaluated using the Constant score (CS), the American
Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score and routine radiographs.Aims
Methods
