We have examined the accuracy of reduction and the functional outcomes in elderly patients with surgically treated acetabular fractures, based on assessment of plain radiographs and CT scans. There were 45 patients with such a fracture with a mean age of 67 years (59 to 82) at the time of surgery. All patients completed SF-36 questionnaires to determine the functional outcome at a mean follow-up of 72.4 months (24 to 188). All had radiographs and a CT scan within one week of surgery. The reduction was categorised as ‘anatomical’, ‘imperfect’, or ‘poor’. Radiographs classified 26 patients (58%) as anatomical,13 (29%) as imperfect and six (13%) as poor. The maximum displacement on CT showed none as anatomical, 23 (51%) as imperfect and 22 (49%) as poor, but this was not always at the weight-bearing dome. SF-36 scores showed functional outcomes comparable with those of the general elderly population, with no correlation with the radiological reduction. Perfect anatomical reduction is not necessary to attain a good functional outcome in acetabular fractures in the elderly

Between January 1998 and December 1998, 82 consecutive patients (86 hips) underwent total hip arthroplasty using a trabecular metal monoblock acetabular component. All patients had a clinical and radiological follow-up evaluation at six, 12 and 24 weeks, 12 months, and then annually thereafter. On the initial post-operative radiograph 25 hips had a gap between the outer surface of the component and the acetabular host bed which ranged from 1 to 5 mm. All patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for a mean of 7.3 years (7 to 7.5). The 25 hips with the 1 to 5 mm gaps were studied for component migration at two years using the Einzel-Bild-Roentgen-Analyse (EBRA) digital measurement method. At 24 weeks all the post-operative gaps were filled with bone and no acetabular component had migrated. The radiographic outcome of all 86 components showed no radiolucent lines and no evidence of lysis. No acetabular implant was revised. There were no dislocations or other complications. The bridging of the interface gaps (up to 5 mm) by the trabecular metal monoblock acetabular component indicates the strong osteoconductive, and possibly osteoinductive, properties of trabecular metal

Aims

A retrospective study was conducted to measure short-term in vivo linear and volumetric wear of polyethylene (PE) inserts in 101 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients using model-based radiostereometric analysis (MBRSA).

Aims

The aim of this study was to assess the functional gain achieved following hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA).

We used an inverted shoulder arthroplasty in 43 consecutive patients with a mean age of 78 years (65 to 97) who had sustained a three- or four-part fracture of the upper humerus. All except two were reviewed with a mean follow-up of 22 months (6 to 58). The clinical outcome was satisfactory with a mean active anterior elevation of 97° (35° to 160°) and a mean active external rotation in abduction of 30° (0° to 80°). The mean Constant and the mean modified Constant scores were respectively 44 (16 to 69) and 66% (25% to 97%). Complications included three patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy, five with neurological complications, most of which resolved, and one with an anterior dislocation. Radiography showed peri-prosthetic calcification in 36 patients (90%), displacement of the tuberosities in 19 (53%) and a scapular notch in ten (25%). Compared with conventional hemiarthroplasty, satisfactory mobility was obtained despite frequent migration of the tuberosities. However, long-term results are required before reverse shoulder arthroplasty can be recommended as a routine procedure in complex fractures of the upper humerus in the elderly

Aims

The aim of this study was to analyze the results of two radiocapitellar prostheses in a large case series followed prospectively, with medium-term follow-up.

A series of 100 consecutive osteoarthritic patients was randomised to undergo total knee replacement using a Miller-Galante II prosthesis, with or without a cemented polyethylene patellar component. Knee function was evaluated using the American Knee Society score, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis index, specific patellofemoral-related questions and radiographic evaluation until the fourth post-operative year, then via questionnaire until ten years post-operatively. A ten-point difference in the American Knee Society score between the two groups was considered a significant change in knee performance, with α and β levels of 0.05. The mean age of the patients in the resurfaced group was 71 years (53 to 88) and in the non-resurfaced group was 73 years (54 to 86). After ten years 22 patients had died, seven were suffering from dementia, three declined further participation and ten were lost to follow-up. Two patients in the non-resurfaced group subsequently had their patellae resurfaced. In the resurfaced group one patient had an arthroscopic lateral release. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups: both had a similar deterioration of scores with time, and no further patellofemoral complications were observed in either group. We are unable to recommend routine patellar resurfacing in osteoarthritic patients undergoing total knee replacement on the basis of our findings

1. Synovectomy was carried out in thirty-four knees, of which thirty-one were certainly or probably afflicted by rheumatoid arthritis. 2. Synovectomy was considered only when adequate medical and physical treatment had failed to afford relief. Its purpose is to preserve useful function, and one of the principal factors influencing the decision to operate was the retention of a normal or good radiographic joint space in a persistently painful, warm and swollen knee. 3. Radiographic appearances constituted a useful but not infallible guide to the true state of the articular surfaces. 4. The method of operation, findings and subsequent care are described. 5. Up to two years after operation it appeared that improvement might be related to the state of the articular surfaces, but after two years this relationship was not evident and an attempt to explain this difference has been made. 6. It seems clear that the longer-term results are determined mainly by the course taken by the rheumatoid process. An unfavourable course was associated with considerably less satisfactory results than was a favourable course. 7. It is concluded that in rheumatoid arthritis which has resisted rest and medical treatment synovectomy of the knee is most likely to be successful when the radiographic joint space is good or normal, and when the rheumatoid process follows a favourable course. To undertake the operation at an early stage in the disease is to leave in doubt the outcome, as this is dependent upon the as yet undeclared general course of the disease. Even so, early synovectomy is worth considering when nothing else has given relief. The fact that arthrodesis has only once been necessary after synovectomy appears to justify the policy of salvage described

We report the outcome of the flangeless, cemented all-polyethylene Exeter acetabular component at a mean of 14.6 years (10 to 17) after operation. Of the 263 hips in 243 patients, 122 prostheses are still in situ; 112 patients (119 hips) have died, 18 hips have been revised, and three patients (four hips) were lost to follow-up. Radiographs at the final review were available for 110 of the 122 surviving hips. There were acetabular radiolucent lines in 54 hips (49%). Two acetabular components had migrated but neither patient required revision. The Kaplan-Meier survivorship at 15 years with 61 hips at risk with revision for any cause as the endpoint was 89.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 84.6 to 95.2) and for aseptic loosening of the acetabular component or lysis 91.7% (95% CI 86.6 to 96.8). In 210 hips with a diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis, survivorship with revision for any cause as the endpoint was 93.2% (95% CI 88.1 to 98.3), and for aseptic loosening of the acetabular component 95.0% (95% CI 90.3 to 99.7). The cemented all-polyethylene Exeter acetabular component has an excellent long-term survivorship

We describe a rare variant of mirror hand in a 20-year-old man who presented with multiple fingers. Radiographs revealed two ulnae (one vestigial) and a radius. There was duplication of the humeral head. The unique features of this case are the age of patient before the start of treatment and extension of the duplication proximal to the elbow

This paper investigates whether cortical comminution and intra-articular involvement can predict displacement in distal radius fractures by using a classification that includes volar comminution as a separate parameter. A prospective multicentre study involving non-operative treatment of distal radius fractures in 387 patients aged between 15 and 74 years (398 fractures) was conducted. The presence of cortical comminution and intra-articular involvement according to the Buttazzoni classification is described. Minimally displaced fractures were treated with immobilisation in a cast while displaced fractures underwent closed reduction with subsequent immobilisation. Radiographs were obtained after reduction, at 10 to 14 days and after union. The outcome measure was re-displacement or union. In fractures with volar comminution (Buttazzoni type 4), 96% (53 of 55) displaced. In intra-articular fractures without volar comminution (Buttazzoni 3), 72% (84 of 117) displaced. In extra-articular fractures with isolated dorsal comminution (Buttazzoni 2), 73% (106 of 145) displaced while in non-comminuted fractures (Buttazzoni 1), 16 % (13 of 81 ) displaced. A total of 32% (53 of 165) of initially minimally displaced fractures later displaced. All of the initially displaced volarly comminuted fractures re-displaced. Displacement occurred in 31% (63 of 205) of fractures that were still in good alignment after 10 to 14 days. . Regression analysis showed that volar and dorsal comminution predicted later displacement, while intra-articular involvement did not predict displacement. Volar comminution was the strongest predictor of displacement. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:978–83

Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumour. The risk of sarcomatous change in an isolated lesion is approximately 1%. We report a case of an isolated osteochondroma which appeared benign on clinical and plain radiographic examination but routine histological analysis revealed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the underlying bone. This association has not previously been reported and the case emphasises the importance of routine histological analysis, even if a lesion appears benign

Aims

The primary aim of this study was to develop a reliable, effective radiological score to assess the healing of humeral shaft fractures, the Radiographic Union Score for HUmeral fractures (RUSHU). The secondary aim was to assess whether the six-week RUSHU was predictive of nonunion at six months after the injury.

Objectives

Using a simple classification method, we aimed to estimate the collapse rate due to osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in order to develop treatment guidelines for joint-preserving surgeries.

Aims

Plate and screw fixation has been the standard treatment for painful conditions of the wrist in non-rheumatoid patients in recent decades. We investigated the complications, re-operations, and final outcome in a consecutive series of patients who underwent wrist arthrodesis for non-inflammatory arthritis.

Our aim was to determine the effect of the initial pattern of fracture and the displacement of fragments on the outcome of proximal humeral fractures treated conservatively. We followed 93 consecutive patients prospectively for one year. Final movement and strength were compared with those of the contralateral side. The final American Shoulder and Elbow Society score and the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand and Short-Form 36 questionnaires were compared with those provided by the patient on the day of the injury. Radiographs and CT scans with three-dimensional reconstruction were obtained in all patients. The pattern of the fracture and the displacement of individual fragments were analysed and correlated with the final outcome. There were two cases of nonunion and six of avascular necrosis. The majority of the fractures (84 patients; 90%) followed one of the following four patterns: posteromedial (varus) impaction in 50 patients (54%), lateral (valgus) impaction in 13 (14%), isolated greater tuberosity in 15 (16%), and anteromedial impaction fracture in six (6%). Head orientation, impaction of the surgical neck and displacement of the tuberosity correlated strongly with the outcome. In fractures with posteromedial impaction, a poor outcome was noted as the articular surface displaced inferiorly increasing its distance from the acromion. A poorer outcome was noted as a fractured greater tuberosity displaced medially overlapping with the posterior articular surface. Lateral impaction fractures had a worse outcome than other patterns of fracture

We report the outcome at a mean of 93 months (73 to 110) of 71 patients with an acute fracture of the scaphoid who were randomised to Herbert screw fixation (35) or below-elbow plaster cast immobilisation (36). These 71 patients represent the majority of a randomised series of 88 patients whose short-term outcome has previously been reported. Those patients available for later review were similar in age, gender and hand dominance. There was no statistical difference in symptoms and disability as assessed by the mean Patient Evaluation Measure (p = 0.4), or mean Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (p = 0.9), the mean range of movement of the wrist (p = 0.4), mean grip strength (p = 0.8), or mean pinch strength (p = 0.4). Radiographs were available from the final review for 59 patients. Osteoarthritic changes were seen in the scaphotrapezial and radioscaphoid joints in eight (13.5%) and six patients (10.2%), respectively. Three patients had asymptomatic lucency surrounding the screw. One non-operatively treated patient developed nonunion with avascular necrosis. In five patients who were treated non-operatively (16%) there was an abnormal scapholunate angle ( > 60°), but in four of these patients this finding was asymptomatic. No medium-term difference in function or radiological outcome was identified between the two treatment groups

Aims

The primary aim of this study was to determine if delayed clavicular fixation results in a greater risk of operative complications and revision surgery.