Gender bias and sexual discrimination (GBSD) have been widely recognized across a range of fields and are now part of the wider social consciousness. Such conduct can occur in the medical workplace, with detrimental effects on recipients. The aim of this review was to identify the prevalence and impact of GBSD in orthopaedic surgery, and to investigate interventions countering such behaviours. A systematic review was conducted by searching Medline, EMCARE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library Database in April 2020, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to which we adhered. Original research papers pertaining to the prevalence and impact of GBSD, or mitigating strategies, within orthopaedics were included for review.Aims
Methods
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a demanding procedure, with tibial component subsidence or pain from high tibial strain being potential causes of revision. The optimal position in terms of load transfer has not been documented for lateral UKA. Our aim was to determine the effect of tibial component position on proximal tibial strain. A total of 16 composite tibias were implanted with an Oxford Domed Lateral Partial Knee implant using cutting guides to define tibial slope and resection depth. Four implant positions were assessed: standard (5° posterior slope); 10° posterior slope; 5° reverse tibial slope; and 4 mm increased tibial resection. Using an electrodynamic axial-torsional materials testing machine (Instron 5565), a compressive load of 1.5 kN was applied at 60 N/s on a meniscal bearing via a matching femoral component. Tibial strain beneath the implant was measured using a calibrated Digital Image Correlation system.Objectives
Methods
Fine-wire accepted as a minimally external fixation is invasive technique, which can provide better outcomes than traditional open methods in the management of complex fractures of the tibial plateau. Available fixators vary in their biomechanical stability, and we believe that a stable beam-loading system is essential for consistently good outcomes. We assessed, prospectively, the clinical, radiological and general health status of 20 of 21 consecutive patients with complex fractures of the tibial plateau who had been treated using a standard protocol, with percutaneous screw fixation and a neutralisation concept with a fine wire beam-loading fixator allowing early weight-bearing. Bony union was achieved in all patients, with 85% having good or excellent results. Full weight-bearing started during the first six weeks in 60% of patients. The general health status assessment correlated well with the knee scores and reflected a satisfactory outcome.
