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The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 104-B, Issue 10 | Pages 1118 - 1125
4 Oct 2022
Suda Y Hiranaka T Kamenaga T Koide M Fujishiro T Okamoto K Matsumoto T

Aims

A fracture of the medial tibial plateau is a serious complication of Oxford mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (OUKA). The risk of these fractures is reportedly lower when using components with a longer keel-cortex distance (KCDs). The aim of this study was to examine how slight varus placement of the tibial component might affect the KCDs, and the rate of tibial plateau fracture, in a clinical setting.

Methods

This retrospective study included 255 patients who underwent 305 OUKAs with cementless tibial components. There were 52 males and 203 females. Their mean age was 73.1 years (47 to 91), and the mean follow-up was 1.9 years (1.0 to 2.0). In 217 knees in 187 patients in the conventional group, tibial cuts were made orthogonally to the tibial axis. The varus group included 88 knees in 68 patients, and tibial cuts were made slightly varus using a new osteotomy guide. Anterior and posterior KCDs and the origins of fracture lines were assessed using 3D CT scans one week postoperatively. The KCDs and rate of fracture were compared between the two groups.


Bone & Joint Open
Vol. 3, Issue 5 | Pages 390 - 397
1 May 2022
Hiranaka T Suda Y Saitoh A Tanaka A Arimoto A Koide M Fujishiro T Okamoto K

The kinematic alignment (KA) approach to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has recently increased in popularity. Accordingly, a number of derivatives have arisen and have caused confusion. Clarification is therefore needed for a better understanding of KA-TKA. Calipered (or true, pure) KA is performed by cutting the bone parallel to the articular surface, compensating for cartilage wear. In soft-tissue respecting KA, the tibial cutting surface is decided parallel to the femoral cutting surface (or trial component) with in-line traction. These approaches are categorized as unrestricted KA because there is no consideration of leg alignment or component orientation. Restricted KA is an approach where the periarthritic joint surface is replicated within a safe range, due to concerns about extreme alignments that have been considered ‘alignment outliers’ in the neutral mechanical alignment approach. More recently, functional alignment and inverse kinematic alignment have been advocated, where bone cuts are made following intraoperative planning, using intraoperative measurements acquired with computer assistance to fulfill good coordination of soft-tissue balance and alignment. The KA-TKA approach aims to restore the patients’ own harmony of three knee elements (morphology, soft-tissue balance, and alignment) and eventually the patients’ own kinematics. The respective approaches start from different points corresponding to one of the elements, yet each aim for the same goal, although the existing implants and techniques have not yet perfectly fulfilled that goal.


The Bone & Joint Journal
Vol. 95-B, Issue 6 | Pages 782 - 787
1 Jun 2013
Niki Y Takeda Y Udagawa K Enomoto H Toyama Y Suda Y

We investigated the characteristics of patients who achieved Japanese-style deep flexion (seiza-sitting) after total knee replacement (TKR) and measured three-dimensional positioning and the contact positions of the femoral and tibial components. Seiza-sitting was achieved after surgery by 23 patients (29 knees) of a series of 463 TKRs in 341 patients. Pre-operatively most of these patients were capable of seiza-sitting, had a lower body mass index and a favourable attitude towards the Japanese lifestyle (27 of 29 knees). According to two-/three-dimensional image registration analysis in the seiza-sitting position, flexion, varus and internal rotation angles of the tibial component relative to the femoral component had means of 148° (sd 8.0), 1.9° (sd 3.2) and 13.4° (sd 5.9), respectively. Femoral surface contact positions tended to be close to the posterior edge of the tibial polyethylene insert, particularly in the lateral compartment, but only 8.3% (two of 24) of knees showed femoral subluxation over the posterior edge. The mean contact positions of the femoral cam on the tibial post were located 7.8 mm (sd 1.5) proximal to the lowest point of the polyethylene surface and 5.5 mm (sd 0.9) medial to the centre of the post, indicating that the post-cam contact position translated medially during seiza-sitting, but not proximally. Collectively, the seiza-sitting position seems safe against component dislocation, but the risks of posterior edge loading and breakage of the tibial polyethylene post remain.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:782–7.